Charles University First Faculty of Medicine (LF1) Entrance Exam 2027: Complete Preparation Guide

LF1's own division is Systematic Biology, General Biology and Genetics, and Biology of the Man. Depth benchmark: British A-level, not medical school.

• Classification and microorganisms: purpose of biological classification, taxonomic ranks and binomial nomenclature, protozoa (Flagellata, Rhizopoda, Sporozoa, Ciliata), viruses as acellular particles and their replication cycles, bacterial cell structure, binary fission, beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, antibiotic resistance
• Animal diversity and vertebrates: Porifera, Cnidaria and Acnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nemathelminthes, molluscs, annelids and arthropods with their medical relevance, protostome and deuterostome development, chordate and vertebrate features, Cyclostomata and Chondrichthyes, fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, primates and the human position among them
• Cell biology: cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, animal and plant cells, organelles, plasma membrane structure and selective permeability, diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis, tonicity, the cell cycle and its checkpoints, mitosis, meiosis, crossing over and independent assortment
• Metabolism and photosynthesis: catabolism and anabolism, ATP as energy currency, enzymes and activation energy, effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentration, aerobic respiration at overview level (glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation), fermentation, heterotrophy, autotrophy and mixotrophy, chloroplast structure, light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle, limiting factors
• Molecular biology and genetics: chromosome structure and number, intranuclear and extranuclear DNA, semi-conservative replication, RNA types, the genetic code and protein synthesis, Mendel's rules of inheritance, monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, test crosses and Punnett squares, heritability of sex and sex-linked inheritance, gene linkage, polygenic inheritance, human hereditary diseases and pedigrees, spontaneous and induced mutations, population genetics
• Evolution, ecology and reproduction: origin of life on Earth, endosymbiotic theory, Darwin and natural selection, adaptation and fitness, speciation, evidence for evolution, human origins and biological variation, biotic and abiotic components, food chains and webs, trophic levels and energy flow, circulation of substances in nature, ecosystem stability and succession, human impact, sexual and asexual reproduction, ontogenesis
• Skeleton, blood and circulation: bone structure and bone connections, the human skeleton, voluntary and smooth muscle, body fluids and the internal environment, blood composition and function, red cells, leucocyte subtypes, non-specific and specific immunity, immunisation and vaccination, blood groups, the Rhesus factor, transfusion and coagulation, heart structure and function, pulmonary and systemic circulation, capillaries and tissue fluid, control of circulation, lymph
• Respiration, digestion and excretion: the respiratory system, ventilation, gas exchange in lungs and tissues, breathing control, the digestive system and its parts, digestive enzymes and the conversion of saccharides, lipids and proteins, the liver and its functions, optimal composition of food, fat-soluble vitamins, the B group and vitamin C with their avitaminoses, body temperature regulation, the kidneys, the nephron and urine formation, the skin
• Control, senses and reproduction: endocrine glands and negative feedback, insulin, adrenals, thyroid and parathyroid, anterior and posterior pituitary, the neuron and nervous conduction, synapses, conditioned and unconditioned reflexes, the involuntary nervous system, the human brain and its parts, olfaction, taste, skin perception, the eye, hearing and the vestibular apparatus, ovaries and female sex hormones, the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, intrauterine development, the placenta and labour, the testes and male sex hormone, the periods of human life

Every area of LF1's published Chemistry topic list appears below; the only regrouping is that acid-base chemistry and redox are split apart, and inorganic nomenclature is filed with bonding because the official list ties naming to valence and oxidation number.

• Atomic structure and periodicity: subatomic particles and their arrangement, atomic number, mass number, atomic mass and isotopes, the principal chemical laws, electrons in principal energy levels and sublevels, orbitals, valence electrons and electron-dot formulas, the periodic law, periods and groups, periodic trends, using the periodic table to predict oxidation numbers, properties, formulas and bonding type
• Bonding and nomenclature: valence and oxidation number, ions, cations and anions, the ionic bond, the covalent and co-ordinate covalent bond, polyatomic ions and their formulas, structural formulas, systematic names of inorganic compounds, binary compounds of two non-metals, binary compounds of a metal and a non-metal, ternary and higher compounds, acids, bases and salts as inorganic classes
• The mole and stoichiometry: the mole, Avogadro's number, molar volume of a gas, molecular mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulas, balancing chemical equations, mole ratios, mass-mass and mass-volume calculations, limiting reagent, theoretical and percentage yield
• States of matter and solutions: gases, liquids and solids and changes of state, the polarity of water and hydrogen bonding, the chemical and physical properties of water and its reactions, hydrates, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, types of solution, solubility, concentration and dilution, colligative properties, colloids and the Tyndall effect
• Acids, bases and pH: definitions and properties of acids and bases, Brønsted-Lowry theory and conjugate pairs, strong and weak acids and bases, the ionisation of water and Kw, pH and pOH, neutralisation and salt formation, electrolytes and nonelectrolytes, full and net ionic equations, spectator ions
• Redox and electrochemistry: definitions of oxidation and reduction, oxidising and reducing agents, assigning oxidation numbers to identify a redox reaction, half-equations and balancing simple redox equations, the galvanic cell, anode and cathode, electrolyte and salt bridge, electrolysis
• Reaction rates and equilibrium: rate as change in concentration over time, collision theory and activation energy, the effects of concentration, pressure, temperature, surface area and catalysts, reversible and irreversible reactions, dynamic equilibrium, equilibrium position, Le Chatelier's principle
• Organic chemistry: carbon bonding and tetravalency, homologous series and functional groups, IUPAC nomenclature and properties, structural isomerism, stereoisomerism and cis-trans isomerism, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic hydrocarbons, addition polymers, organic halides, alcohols, phenols and ethers, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids and esters, amides, amines, amino acids and nitro-derivatives, heterocyclic compounds
• Biochemistry: proteins, the peptide bond and the four levels of protein structure, denaturation, monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides, glycosidic bonds, lipids, triglycerides, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids and steroids, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, enzymes and their inhibition, hormones, vitamins and their solubility classes

Derived, not official. LF1 publishes no General Science topic list; the areas below come from its official mock test and from its own description of the section as interpreting data, reading graphs and writing problems down using mathematical equations. Physics is examined here rather than as a separate paper.

• Measurement and units: scientific notation and standard form, significant figures and rounding, decimal places versus significant figures, SI base and derived units, length, area and volume conversions including the effect of powers, mass, time and speed conversions, concentration units, dimensional analysis and checking a formula by its units
• Proportional reasoning: percentages, percentage change and the difference between a percentage change and percentage points, ratio and proportion, scaling a quantity by area, mass, volume or time, dose and rate calculations, estimation and order-of-magnitude checks
• Charts and graphs: reading pie and bar charts, estimating values from visual data, expressing a category as a percentage of a total, identifying the largest and smallest contribution, axis and label traps, straight-line graphs, gradient and y-intercept, choosing the equation of a plotted line, interpreting a slope in a scientific context
• Exponential growth and decay: doubling time and repeated doubling in a culture, half-life, rearranging an exponential decay expression and solving for the decay constant, recognising when repeated multiplication rather than a linear step is required
• Statistics and study interpretation: mean, variability and spread, standard deviation, values falling within a tolerance range, the normal distribution and the 68-95-99.7 rule, positive and negative correlation, the strength of a correlation and the coefficient r, p-values as evidence against chance, why association does not prove causation
• Mechanics and energy: speed, distance and time, acceleration and average speed from rest, motion at constant speed, free fall and impact speed, force and net force, why constant speed means zero resultant force, weight, normal force and friction, inclined-plane reasoning, work as force times distance, the joule, kinetic energy and its dependence on the square of speed, potential energy, conservation of energy, power
• Fluids and oscillations: density, pressure in fluids, buoyant force and Archimedes' principle, displaced volume and why buoyancy depends on fluid density rather than on the object's mass, period and frequency, the simple pendulum and why its period depends on length and gravitational acceleration but not on the mass of the bob
• Electricity and waves: resistance, series and parallel circuits, why equivalent resistance in parallel is lower than the smallest individual resistor, current, voltage and Ohm's law, wave speed as frequency times wavelength, what happens to wavelength when a wave enters a faster medium at constant frequency, sound and ultrasound as mechanical waves, the electromagnetic spectrum, the speed of electromagnetic radiation in vacuum, shorter wavelength as higher frequency and higher photon energy
• Applied science data: biology and chemistry crossover items in a quantitative frame, complementary base pairing and deducing base percentages in double-stranded DNA, colony-forming units and microbial growth, energy and environmental data such as hospital consumption in megawatt hours, translating a worded scientific scenario into an equation and selecting the most reasonable answer

It's the two-round admission process the First Faculty of Medicine uses to select candidates for its English-taught General Medicine and Dentistry programmes in Prague. Round 1 is a 75-question written paper in 90 minutes: Biology, Chemistry and General Science, 25 questions each. Round 2 is an online MMI of five ten-minute stations worth 100 points in total.

Neither. There is no shared national medical entrance test behind it, and the five medical faculties of Charles University run structurally different papers. LF1's third block is General Science; the Pilsen and Hradec Králové faculties run a Physics section in its place; the Second Faculty runs four sections including a separate Logic block; the Third Faculty runs only Biology and Chemistry. Preparation built for one faculty does not transfer cleanly to another.

Round 1 is sat in person, in Prague or abroad through an official LF1 partner agency, and delivered entirely in English. LF1's 2026/27 page calls it paper-based; Charles University's 2027/28 admission criteria allow paper or electronic form. For 2026/27 an online Emergency Distance format applied only to candidates in conflict-affected regions. Round 2, the MMI, is conducted online.

+1 for a correct answer, 0 for an incorrect one and 0 for a blank; LF1 states there is no negative marking. A blind guess across four options is therefore worth +0.25 marks on average and a blank is worth 0, so there is never a reason to leave a question unanswered. The one thing to avoid is marking two options: every item is Single Best Answer, and a multi-marked answer scores zero.

LF1 operates Round 1 as a pass/fail gate (only applicants who pass are invited to the second round), but no numeric pass mark is published. IvyTest checked the admissions page, the admission-process page, the preparation page and the page on changes to admission testing on 21 September 2026, and all four describe a Dean-set threshold without stating a figure. Charles University's 2027/28 admission criteria convert each part to 0-100% and base progression on the sum of the three percentages, with the Dean setting the limit by 15 February 2027.

No. LF1 publishes no per-section minimum: the three blocks are simply equally weighted at 25 marks each, and there is no Czech counterpart to the per-subject 'additional learning requirement' floors used by some Italian medical schools.

It's a Multiple Mini Interview held online: five consecutive ten-minute stations, each worth 20 points, 100 points in total. It is scored independently of the written paper and it alone determines admission: passing Round 1 gets you into the room, but it does not carry a score forward with you.

Yes. LF1's entrance examination is the Medicine and Dentistry Entrance Examination, and both English-taught programmes are admitted through it. It is not used for doctoral (PhD) study: LF1 admits PhD students separately, through an interview with an examination committee, usually in June.

For 2027/28 Charles University's admissions system lists 150 expected places in General Medicine and 30 in Dentistry, as for 2026/27, and reports that 119 of 614 General Medicine applicants and 31 of 108 Dentistry applicants were admitted in the past academic year: an acceptance rate of about 19% and 29%. The 2026/27 records had reported 102 of 785 and 21 of 109 (about 13% and 19%). What decides who gets a place is the structure: a pass/fail written gate followed by a 100-point MMI.

Within the EU, yes: automatically, as a standard Czech medical degree. There's no separate national licensing exam afterwards: the Czech state exam (státní rigorózní zkouška) is built into the MUDr degree itself, and registration with the Czech Medical Chamber (ČLK) is compulsory to practise in the country. Graduates of English-taught programmes typically also go through an additional Ministry of Health 'recognition of fitness to practise' step that Czech-taught graduates don't need. Outside the EU recognition isn't automatic as a rule, but the UK is an exception. Under the Medical Act 1983 (section 21B, as in force on 12 October 2026), the Czech medical degree (MUDr) is a 'relevant European qualification', so a graduate who applies to the GMC with one, whatever their nationality, is not asked to show the knowledge and skills other international graduates prove through PLAB/UKMLA; evidence of English is still required, and the rule is UK policy that can change. LF1's own study-programmes page says the MUDr is 'recognised throughout the EU, UK, U.S.', but in the US that still means the ECFMG route. US-bound graduates need ECFMG certification via USMLE Step 1 and Step 2 CK, the same requirement every international medical graduate faces.

Yes. The IvyTest simulator runs LF1-format practice (75 questions, four options, the real +1/0/0 scoring across Biology, Chemistry and General Science) in timed, tutor and review modes, with a free diagnostic available without payment.

LF1 publishes no past papers, but its How to prepare page links an official mock test as a free PDF: 75 questions (25 Chemistry, 25 Biology and 25 General Science) with the answer key on its last page, and a separate General Science mock with the correct options marked. The same page links the official Biology and Chemistry topic lists; every area they name is in the syllabus on this page.

Charles University's 2027/2028 admission criteria close applications on 30 April 2027 and date the written test 24-28 May 2027, with an alternative on 7-11 June 2027; LF1's own pages have not yet posted the 2027/2028 calendar or the opening date. For 2026/2027, applications ran from 1 December 2025 to 5 September 2026; Prague held the written test on 8 June 2026 and again on 16 and 23 September 2026, and representatives ran sittings abroad from 30 May to 4 September 2026. The online MMI usually follows within a week.

You need secondary education completed with a school-leaving examination (you may apply before finishing it) and the €285 application fee; no English certificate or personal statement is required, and the 2027/2028 criteria say English is shown by passing the MMI. Admission rests on the entrance exam: pass Round 1, then the MMI decides. Under the 2027/2028 criteria you may ask to skip Round 1 with a medicine or dentistry degree, a related degree completed in 2022 or later, six semesters of medicine or dentistry since 2022 (Czech Republic, EU or OECD), or a top result from 2022 or later in the IB (36 points, with 13 from two HL subjects including Biology or Chemistry), A-levels (A*AA), AP, the European Baccalaureate or the Abitur; in 2026/2027 such school results earned a 10% bonus instead. Someone who passed both rounds in 2026/2027 but could not start for serious reasons, such as a visa delay, may ask to skip the whole exam. You may apply once per academic year, and a foreign school certificate must be recognised, with legalised documents due by 31 August 2027.

At the First Faculty of Medicine, tuition for General Medicine and Dentistry in English is €24,250 a year for students starting in 2026/2027, paid in euros to the faculty, and Charles University's 2027/2028 admission criteria give the same €24,250. The application fee is €285, and you cannot sit the entrance exam until it is paid. Living costs are not included, and LF1's optional Induction Course for new students costs €150. Each Charles University medical faculty sets its own fees; LF1's are the highest of the five.

Yes. LF1 has taught General Medicine in English for more than 30 years: a 6-year programme leading to the MUDr degree, alongside a 5-year Dentistry programme (MDDr). About 800 students from 50 countries study in English there, with clinical teaching in 5 Prague hospitals. The first-year study plan for 2026/2027 includes Anatomy with dissections, Biology and Genetics, Biophysics, Histology and Embryology, Medical Terminology and Czech, and LF1 publishes each year's plan.

LF1 runs none itself, but its admission criteria recommend the foundation programmes of Charles University's Institute for Language and Preparatory Studies (ILPS). Its Medicine and Pharmacy in English programmes teach Biology, Chemistry and Physics, with mock tests and MMI practice: COMPLEX in Poděbrady at €7,990 and FAST in Prague from €4,936. LF1's own Induction Course is for admitted students, not applicants.

Founded in 1348, Charles University is one of Europe's oldest, and LF1 calls itself the oldest medical faculty in Central Europe and the largest in the Czech Republic. Charles University's own preparatory institute cites the QS World University Rankings 2025 (top 250), QS's Medicine table (151-200) and ShanghaiRanking's Clinical Medicine (151-200, 2024 data): these rank the university, not LF1 alone. QS's own 2025 table has Charles University at =246, and ShanghaiRanking's Clinical Medicine table has it at 151-200 in 2024, as again in 2025 and 2026; the QS Medicine figure carries no year, and that table could not be read. For students' own views, LF1 points applicants to MEDSOC, its students' organisation.

Yes: r/charlesfirstfaculty, where Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine applicants ask each other about the Charles University LF1 Entrance Exam and share how their preparation is going. It is run by the IvyTest team. Dates, rules and results come only from the university's own pages, listed under Official sources on this page.

r/charlesfirstfaculty